#include <stdio.h>
int funcB(int a) {
return a + 1;
}
int funcA(int b) {
return funcB(b);
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
int a = funcA(1);
return 0;
}Test program for call stack
gdb tracing.
(gdb) disas main
Dump of assembler code for function main:
0x0000000000400578 <+0>: stp x29, x30, [sp, #-48]!
0x000000000040057c <+4>: mov x29, sp
0x0000000000400580 <+8>: str w0, [sp, #28]
0x0000000000400584 <+12>: str x1, [sp, #16]
0x0000000000400588 <+16>: mov w0, #0x1 // #1
0x000000000040058c <+20>: bl 0x40055c <funcA>
0x0000000000400590 <+24>: str w0, [sp, #44]
0x0000000000400594 <+28>: mov w0, #0x0 // #0
0x0000000000400598 <+32>: ldp x29, x30, [sp], #48
0x000000000040059c <+36>: ret
End of assembler dump.
(gdb) disas funcA
Dump of assembler code for function funcA:
0x000000000040055c <+0>: stp x29, x30, [sp, #-32]!
0x0000000000400560 <+4>: mov x29, sp
0x0000000000400564 <+8>: str w0, [sp, #28]
0x0000000000400568 <+12>: ldr w0, [sp, #28]
0x000000000040056c <+16>: bl 0x400544 <funcB>
0x0000000000400570 <+20>: ldp x29, x30, [sp], #32
0x0000000000400574 <+24>: ret
End of assembler dump.
(gdb) disas funcB
Dump of assembler code for function funcB:
0x0000000000400544 <+0>: sub sp, sp, #0x10
0x0000000000400548 <+4>: str w0, [sp, #12]
0x000000000040054c <+8>: ldr w0, [sp, #12]
0x0000000000400550 <+12>: add w0, w0, #0x1
0x0000000000400554 <+16>: add sp, sp, #0x10
0x0000000000400558 <+20>: ret
End of assembler dump.Breakpoint 1, main (argc=1, argv=0xffffffffefd8) at test.c:12
12 int a = funcA(1);
(gdb) si
0x000000000040058c 12 int a = funcA(1);
(gdb) p $sp
$4 = (void *) 0xffffffffee50
(gdb) si
funcA (b=65535) at test.c:8
8 int funcA(int b) {
(gdb) p $sp
$5 = (void *) 0xffffffffee50
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400560 8 int funcA(int b) {
(gdb) p $sp
$6 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400564 8 int funcA(int b) {
(gdb) p $sp
$7 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
9 return funcB(b);
(gdb) p $sp
$8 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
0x000000000040056c 9 return funcB(b);
(gdb) p $sp
$9 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
funcB (a=65535) at test.c:4
4 int funcB(int a) {
(gdb) p $sp
$10 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400548 4 int funcB(int a) {
(gdb) p $sp
$11 = (void *) 0xffffffffee20
(gdb) si
5 return a + 1;
(gdb) p $sp
$12 = (void *) 0xffffffffee20
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400550 5 return a + 1;
(gdb) p $sp
$13 = (void *) 0xffffffffee20
(gdb) si
6 }
(gdb) p $sp
$14 = (void *) 0xffffffffee20
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400558 6 }
(gdb) p $sp
$15 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
funcA (b=1) at test.c:10
10 }
(gdb) p $sp
$16 = (void *) 0xffffffffee30
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400574 10 }
(gdb) p $sp
$17 = (void *) 0xffffffffee50
(gdb) si
0x0000000000400590 in main (argc=1, argv=0xffffffffefd8) at test.c:12
12 int a = funcA(1);
(gdb) p $sp
$18 = (void *) 0xffffffffee50